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Conductivity is the ability of an object to conduct current. The measurement principle of the conductivity meter is to put two parallel plates into the solution to be tested, add a certain potential (usually a sine wave voltage) to both ends of the plate, and then measure the flow between the plates. Current. According to Ohm's law, the conductivity (G) - the reciprocal of the resistance (R), is determined by the conductor itself. The basic unit of conductivity is Siemens (S), originally known as ohms. Since the geometry of the conductivity cell affects the conductivity value, the standard measurement is expressed in terms of unit conductivity S/cm to compensate for differences in various electrode sizes. The unit conductivity (C) is simply the product of the measured conductivity (G) and the cell constant (L/A). Here L is the length of the liquid column between the two plates, and A is the area of ​​the plate. . The conductivity of water has a certain relationship with the amount of inorganic acids, bases and salts contained therein. When their concentration is low, the conductivity increases with increasing concentration. Therefore, this index is often used to estimate the total concentration or salt content of ions in water. Different types of water have different electrical conductivities. The conductivity of fresh distilled water is 0.2-2μS/cm, but after being left for a while, it is increased to 2-4μS/cm due to absorption of CO2; the conductivity of ultrapure water is less than 0.10/μS/cm; the conductivity of natural water is more Between 50-500μS/cm, mineralized water can reach 500-1000μS/cm; the conductivity of industrial wastewater containing acid, alkali and salt often exceeds 10 000μS/cm; the conductivity of seawater is about 30 000μS/cm. The electrode constant is often determined using a standard potassium chloride solution of known conductivity. The conductivity (25 ° C) of different concentrations of potassium chloride solution is listed in the table below. The conductivity of the solution is related to factors such as temperature, polarization on the electrode, electrode distribution capacitance, etc. Compensation or elimination measures are generally used on the instrument. The water sample should be measured as soon as possible after collection. If it contains coarse suspended matter, oil and fat, the interference measurement should be filtered or extracted.
Beijing Heng Aode Instrument Co., Ltd.
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