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In today's life, many people's homes have some old photos from the past, but limited to the objective conditions at that time, these photos are mostly black and white. The people in the photo are either young or absent, or they passed away. If they want to relive or remember their style, they always feel the lack of a true color, and it is a pity. There are many ways to color these photos, but it is not an easy task to make the colors very realistic. Here is a method for coloring black and white photos with Photoshop computer software. I feel that I can do more realistic and natural.
1. Basic principles and methods of coloring
A person's skin color naturally changes in the photo, and the color is complex and rich. But in theory, we can assume that a person's skin color hue and saturation are only related to race, but for the same person, we can assume that these two parameters of their entire skin color are basically fixed. However, the reason for the rich and varied skin tone in portrait photos is the influence of external lighting, that is, the brightness. The colors in the same brightness area are basically the same. According to this assumption, we only need to color the skin tone of the person in the photo according to the brightness parameter. , And finally do a natural transition.
Second, coloring examples
1. Scan the photo into the computer and convert to Lab mode. In the process of operation, the brightness will become a main identification parameter, so the Lab mode can be used to operate the brightness channel (L channel) to meet our requirements for different colors according to the brightness. Take the picture of a child as an example.
2. Make a selection, use the selection tool to select all the people's skin in the portrait, and use "Layer" → "New" → "Layerviacut". In this way, the human skin can be used as a single layer, and the human hair can also be used as a separate layer in the same way.
3. Specify the current operation layer as the skin layer, turn to the channel panel, and select "Brightness channel (L channel). Specify the foreground color as L: 95, a: 0, b: 0 in the toolbar. Execute the command in the menu : “Select†→ “Color Rangeâ€, the tolerance parameter is set between: 20 ~ 30, so that you can select all the areas in the brightness range in the picture.
4. Call the menu command: "Select" → "Load Selection", select the intersection option in the pop-up dialog box (that is, the last item Intersectwith selection, the same below) so that all selections are within the skin.
5. In the channel control panel, specify the Lab synthesis channel (ie the first channel). The foreground color is designated as: L: 95 unchanged, a: 5, b: 19.
6. Select the brush tool in the toolbox, the coloring mode of the tool is set to: Color. Set the brush of the brush (Brushs) to more than 60 (can be larger, so that the speed of coloring can be increased). Note: Color mode is a mode that keeps the brightness unchanged and draws and creates the resulting color using the hue and saturation of the specified foreground color.
7. Use the brush tool to paint in the selection area of ​​the image until all the selection areas are painted.
8. Cancel the selection, start coloring the next brightness, select the L channel in the channel panel, set the foreground color to LAB90, 0, 0, call the menu "Select" → "ColorRange", and set the color tolerance value to 30 To make a selection.
9. Call the menu item: "Select" → "Load Selection", select the intersection option in the pop-up dialog box, and select the skin of this brightness range.
10. Select the LAB synthesis channel in the channel panel and change the foreground color to L: 90, a: 9, b: 27.
11. Use the brush tool to color the selection.
12. Start coloring the next brightness, select the L channel in the channel panel, set the foreground color to: LAB80, 0, 0, call the menu "Select" → "ColorRange", set the color tolerance value to 30, press OK to make the selection.
13. Call the menu item: "Select" → "Load Selection", select the intersection option in the pop-up dialog box, and select the skin of this brightness range.
14. Select the LAB synthesis channel in the channel panel, and change the foreground color to L: 90, a: 15, b: 29.
15. Use the brush tool to color the selection area.
16. Cancel the selection, start coloring the next brightness, select the L channel in the channel panel, set the foreground color to: LAB60, 0, 0, call the menu "Select" → "ColorRange", and set the color tolerance value to 30. Press OK to make the selection.
17. Call the menu item: "Select" → "Load Selection", select the intersection option in the pop-up dialog box, and select the skin of this brightness range.
18. Select the LAB synthesis channel in the channel panel and change the foreground color to L: 60, a: 22, b: 27.
19. Use the brush tool to color the selection area.
20. Cancel the selection, start coloring the next brightness, select the L channel in the channel panel, set the foreground color to: LAB50, 0, 0, call the menu "Select" → "ColorRange", and set the color tolerance value to 50. Press OK to make a selection.
21. Call the menu item: "" Select "→" Load Selection ", select the intersection option in the pop-up dialog box, and select the skin of this brightness range.
22. Select the LAB synthesis channel in the channel panel, and change the foreground color to L: 50, a: 22, b: 23.
23. Use the brush tool to color the selection area.
24. Start coloring the next brightness, select the L channel in the channel panel, set the foreground color to: LAB35, 0, 0, call the menu "Select" → "Color Range", set the color tolerance value to 50, Press OK to make the selection.
25. Call the menu item: "Select" → "Load Selection", select the intersection option in the pop-up dialog box, and select the skin of this brightness range.
26. Select the LAB synthesis channel in the channel panel, and change the foreground color to L: 35, a; 23, b: 28.
27. Use the brush tool to color the selection area.
28. Cancel the selection, start coloring the next brightness, select the L channel in the channel panel, set the foreground color to: LAB20, 0, 0, call the menu "Select" → "ColorRange", and set the color tolerance value to 50. Press OK to make a selection.
29. Call the menu item: "Select" → "Load Selection", select the intersection option in the pop-up dialog box, and select the skin of this brightness range.
30. Select the LAB synthesis channel in the channel panel and change the foreground color to L: 20, a: 21, b: 26.
31. Use the brush tool to color the selection area.
32. So far, the first job of coloring has been basically completed, cancel the selection. But the problem now is that the color transition between different brightness is very stiff, the next step is the natural transition process.
33. In the channel control panel, select the a channel, call the menu command: "Filter" → "Blur" → "GaussianBlur", adjust the value of the parameter Radius so that no traces on the skin can be seen (generally between 12 and 16 )between.
Do the same for channel b. In the channel panel, select: LAB synthetic channel viewing effect. The same method can be used for other parts of the image: hair, clothes, lips, etc., which will not be detailed here.
For those who have no experience in coloring, how to determine the color of a certain brightness is a difficult thing. At the beginning, you can open a color photo of people with the same characteristics (persons of similar age) and switch to Lab mode. Use the mouse to detect the corresponding reference value in the picture, the value can be seen in the Info control panel. (Author: Guangdong Press and Publication Senior Technical School)
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