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Detailed analysis of wireless sensor network technology patents Over the past few years, the development and application of wireless sensor network technology at home and abroad has made great progress. It is particularly prominent in markets such as home automation, industrial automation, building control, smart metering, and power management markets. At the same time, the development of standards for wireless sensor networks is progressing rapidly, greatly reducing the complexity of smart sensors and wireless sensor networks. For example, the 1451 working group (IEEE 1451) of the International Union of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) has established a plug-and-play standard for smart sensors, enabling all sensors that meet the standard to be compatible with other instruments Work with the system. This series of standards is called the IEEE 1451 smart sensor (including sensor and driver) interface standard, including different standards that define different interfaces for connecting sensors and microprocessors, instrument systems, and controlling remote networks. Among these standards, IEEE 1451.5 is the focus of many R & D activities. IEEE 1451.5 specifies the technology that enables wireless communication between sensors compatible with 1451 and other devices. IEEE is also currently developing two standards for wireless personal area networks (ie, WPAN), IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.15. Among them, the IEEE 802.15.4 standard is gradually being accepted as the standard for the physical layer and media access control of low-rate wireless personal area networks (LR-WPANs). In addition, there are two industrial standards based on IEEE 802.15.4 in the field of wireless sensor networks: ZigBee and WirelessHART. ZigBee is a wireless technology developed as an open global standard, developed to address the special needs of low-cost, low-power wireless sensor networks. The standard makes full use of the IEEE 802.15.4 wireless transceiver physical layer specification, and uses a frequency range that can be operated globally without special permission: 2.400-2.484 gigahertz, 902-928 MHz and 868.0-868.6 MHz; WirelessHART is another An open standard wireless network technology developed by the HART Communication Foundation. The protocol uses a mesh network structure with time synchronization, self-organization, and self-healing. The protocol currently supports radio media using the IEEE 802.15.4 standard and operates in the 2.4GHz ISM band. In addition, other industry standards and proprietary systems may also be options for implementing wireless sensor network technologies. For example, EnOcean is a wireless communication system widely used in the field of building automation, and is also considered to be a technology that may be used in wireless sensor networks, but it has not been standardized by any recognized standardization agency. Z-Wave is a proprietary wireless communication standard designed for home automation, especially for remote control applications in home and light commercial environments. The technology uses low-power wireless transceivers embedded or installed in home electronic devices and systems, such as lighting systems, home access control systems, entertainment systems, and household appliances. This technology has been standardized by the Z-Wave Alliance. The Z-Wave Alliance is an alliance between international manufacturers and is responsible for coordinating the compatibility of Z-Wave products and equipment.
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