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Disposable paper tableware represented by paper cups, paper trays, and paper lunch boxes came into being in the tide of China's reform and opening up. With the accelerated pace of people's lives and work, and the requirement of environmental protection for green food packaging for fast food and beverages, With rapid development, the market prospect is very broad.
First, the production and market of paper cups According to use, paper cups in China mainly have two types of beverage cups and ice cream cups. Both have the same manufacturing process and slightly different structures. The production of beverage cups began in the early 1980s. At that time, the top two American beverage companies Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola in China were put into production in China in 1981 and 1982 in Beijing and Shenzhen respectively. Paper wax cups on the surface of which the company sells packaging patterns began to appear in large numbers in urban hotels and on the streets. Ice cream cups were produced earlier due to the introduction of equipment in China in the 1960s. According to the performance of paper cups, it can be divided into waxed paper cups and plastic paper cups. Ice cream cups are one type of plastic paper cups, and others have paper bowls, etc., which have not yet been widely used in China. The common specifications of domestic beverage cups are generally 6.5 ounces, 9 ounces and 12 ounces, of which the largest amount is the use of 9 ounce cups, and the common specifications of ice cream cups are generally 4.5 ounces and 6.5 ounces. The production of beverage cups is generally used to bleach white pulp produced by kraft pulp. The transverse elongation should be higher than 3%, the ash content should not exceed 1%, the thickness of the paperboard should be uniform, and no harmful substances such as fluorescent whitening agents should be included. Commonly used uncoated white cardboard, suitable for waxed cold drink cups. Others are single-sided and double-sided coated cardboard, suitable for hot and cold drink cups. The commonly used basis weight of paper cupboards is generally 180-220 g/m2, and the weight of paperboard for making wax paper cups is lower. At present, the domestic use of paper cupboards mainly in Finland, the United States, South Korea, Taiwan and other regions. Domestic paper cupboards have been produced in Shanghai, Shandong, and other places, with little production. Some physical indicators have a certain gap compared with imported products, but the price is cheaper. According to rough statistics, the annual demand for paper cupboards in China is about 25,000 tons. Paper cup production enterprises are mainly concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, of which the majority are coastal areas. There are about 100 paper cup production enterprises in the country. Enterprises with more production scale include Shanghai Paper Cup Co., Ltd., Beijing Fubon Paper Products Co., Ltd., Guangdong Xinhui Weikang Paper Container Co., Ltd., and Sichuan Yibin Xinyi Paper Products Co., Ltd., etc. As the paper cup production industry is a new industry that has been rapidly developed in the mid to late 1980s, the technical equipment is better and the proportion of imported equipment is larger. According to the preliminary statistics, there are approximately 200 various types of paper cup production equipment (lines) in the country. The introduction of equipment 82 (line). The total production capacity of all equipment is about 3.5 billion. Imported equipment is the largest in the United States Paper Processing Machinery Company (PMC). The domestic equipment is the largest among the Chinese-foreign joint venture Shenyang Hanxing Paper Cup Machinery Co., Ltd. At present, there are about a dozen paper cup equipment manufacturers in China. Most of them have started product development and production in the past two years. The production scale is not large.
At the same time, the beverage industry in China has developed rapidly in the past decade or so. In 1980, the output of the national beverage industry was only 288,000 tons. In 1994, it soared to 6.27 million tons. The average annual increase in the 14 years was more than 25%. Take for example the US and Coca-Cola and the Pepsi Co., both of which are using a large number of paper cups in sales, as an example of the current adjustment of carbonated beverage production. In 1992, there were 28,312, accounting for 4.7% of the total production in the same year. In 1994, it was 59,976 tons, accounting for 5.37% of the total output. In the past two years, the output has doubled and the proportion of its products has also increased by 14.3%. Based on this measure alone, it will take about 300 million drinks cups in 1994 and 400 million in 1995, and it will be mainly used for summer drinks. Other cafes in restaurants and restaurants, street food shops, etc. are filled with cups of coffee, milk and other beverages. It is estimated that there will also be 3-4 billion a year. Frozen beverages in China have also developed rapidly in recent years. It is understood that in 1988, the country's frozen beverage production was only 85,900 tons, and in 1994 it reached 1.06 million tons, an annual increase of more than 20%. Ice cream production is the fastest growing in frozen drinks, and its share has gradually increased. The current annual output of ice cream has reached about 500,000 tons. If 20% of the output is sold in paper cups, approximately 1.2 billion paper cups are required. Based on the above calculation results alone, the annual demand for paper cups in the country is now over 2 billion. The authoritative department predicts that China's beverage and ice cream production will maintain its rapid growth momentum in the future. By the year 2000, the total output of beverages will reach 10 million tons, and the annual output of ice cream will exceed 120 million tons. This will further promote the production of the paper cup industry. Therefore, on the whole, the sales market for paper cups continues to be positive and the situation is more optimistic. However, the current production layout of paper cups is not reasonable, and in some areas, production is in excess of demand. Therefore, this should be fully taken into account in the production of paper cups. Second, the production of paper cutlery (box) and market Since 1984, Xuzhou first introduced a one-time polystyrene tableware (box) production line, with the rapid development of the fast-food industry, the use of high-foam plastic tableware (box) in China The speed of doubled in two years has increased. Plastic lunch boxes have the advantages of being hygienic, simple, heat-insulating, leak-proof, and oil-proof, but it has attracted widespread attention on the "white pollution" caused by railways and some eating spots. In particular, the railway departments and the municipal departments of major cities spend a great deal of time, money and manpower each year to remove these plastic lunch boxes. However, this has had little success. Followed by the high foam plastic lunch box is not easy to degrade, whether landfill or incineration will cause environmental pollution, and improper recycling will lead to endless troubles. The serious pollution caused by the plastic lunch boxes along the railway is the main reason why the quality of the railway stations and vehicles cannot be improved for a long time. With the rapid development of China's reform and opening up and railway construction, the amount of passenger rail traffic has increased year by year. According to surveys conducted by the Department of Health and Epidemic Prevention, the average daily garbage production per passenger train on the railway is about 370 kilograms, and the total annual production of rubbish on the whole bus is about 146,000 tons, of which plastic fast food box type packaging materials account for 7%. In recent years, the passenger transport sector has concentrated, collected, and processed 35% of the total amount of these garbage, and the remaining 65% has been mainly discarded along both sides of the railway line, particularly in the summer, autumn and spring seasons. More than 400 million plastic lunch boxes were consumed, and 40% of them were abandoned along the railway line, with an average of 120 lines per 100 meters. The most serious pollution was the lunch box near the station. The problem of pollution caused by high-foam plastic lunch boxes in major cities is also very serious. For example, Guangzhou consumes nearly a million foam plastic lunch boxes each day, generating about 320 tons of white garbage; it consumes nearly 3-4 billion plastic lunch boxes a year, resulting in nearly 100,000 tons of white garbage. According to the survey, about 60% of white waste disposal processes are landfilled and take up a large amount of land each year; 10% are burned and a lot of harmful gases are generated; 30% are scattered in the streets or are thrown into the size River, floating in the water. "White pollution" has brought a huge burden on Guangzhou's fiscal spending. If one ton of "white pollution" is to be disposed of by landfill, it will cost RMB 1,000 yuan and it will cost at least 50 million yuan each year. "White pollution" also brings serious damage to agricultural and fishery production in the outskirts of Guangzhou. The waste of foamable plastic products that are not easily degradable causes soil degradation and water pollution. The key to managing "white pollution" is to find suitable alternatives. In this regard, the relevant departments have accelerated the replacement of lunch boxes, and the Ministry of Railways' scientific research department has conducted a feasibility study on the garbage disposal technology of passenger trains, conducted a software research on the recycling management of lunch boxes on the issue of "white pollution," and recycled and recycled lunch boxes. The pilot and the development of paper-based plastic and degradable lunch boxes. Since 1994, relevant departments have held many seminars to promote the updating and replacement of lunch boxes. So far, 13 kinds of lunch boxes (5 cartons, 8 degradable plastic boxes) have been subjected to laboratory tests and appraisals. In early June 1995, there were nine kinds of lunch boxes that had passed the health inspection and were tested on the train. This year, the Ministry of Education and Education of the Ministry of Railways and the Ministry of Railways' Transport Bureau jointly issued the “Circular on Implementing the Replacement of Railway Fast Food Boxesâ€. From July 1st onwards, meal replacement will be implemented on the entire road. The newly developed second generation meal boxes are mainly polypropylene double-degradable lunch boxes, pulp molded lunch boxes, cardboard coated biodegradable film lunch boxes, polystyrene double degraded foaming lunch boxes, and starch-added polystyrene double-degradation boxes. Foaming lunch boxes, these lunch boxes have reached the basic requirements for use. At present, the disposable paper tableware being promoted is mainly a paper (board) lunch box and a pulp molded lunch box. 1. Paper (board) lunch box The paper (board) lunch box has two types of folding type and integral pressing type, among which folding type is the main type. The substrate used for paper (board) utensils is wood pulp and straw pulp as raw materials, and the paperboard is copied to meet the physical requirements of the use requirements, and then processed to make it water-repellent, oil-repellent, and acid-alkali-resistant. Heat and special paper or board for easy molding and processing. Unused raw paperboards are commonly quantified at 240-400 g/m2 and currently rely mainly on imports. Domestic provinces and cities such as Henan, Jilin, Zhejiang, and Shanghai are all developing. Cardboard reprocessing methods can be divided into coating, spraying, compounding and other methods. In terms of compounding, a layer of polyethylene (PE) is laminated on paper or paperboard to overcome the inability of the paperboard to resist water and oil, and thus cannot be applied to packaging defects. For example, PE lunch box board developed by Shandong Dayi Paper Co., Ltd., the drawback of this kind of composite board is that it is impossible to solve the problem of waste pollution of the environment. Tests show that in the environment suitable for decomposition, after a period of time, the cardboard layer can be rotted and decomposed, but the polyethylene composite layer is still intact, become a polyethylene plastic film, or belongs to the environmental pollution Plastic residue. Therefore, for the waste PE film composite paper forming lunch boxes, paper and plastic separation and recycling methods should be used externally. In addition, Shanghai Sihuan Composite Materials Co., Ltd. is currently able to produce fast-food paperboard composited with degradable PE film. In the field of coating and spraying, some units in China have conducted fruitful explorations. The coated special paper or board can be crushed and rotted after a certain period of time (for example, three or five months). In 1995, Hangzhou City's environmental and environmental departments, health departments, and industry and commerce administrative departments jointly issued a circular. From September 15 onwards, it was forbidden to use high-foam plastic lunch boxes in the catering industry, and to use alternatives such as paper lunch boxes. Before and after this, Harbin, Shanghai, Wuhan and other cities also adopted similar measures, which prompted the large number of paper lunch boxes to be available in these regions. At present, there are 6 large-scale paper cutlery fixed-point manufacturing enterprises in Hangzhou, and there are many small township and township enterprises competing in the surrounding area. In other parts of the country, there are also a large number of paper cutlery production companies. At present, the paper-box production equipment used in China is mainly based in Taiwan. To meet the needs of the domestic market, in the past two years in Beijing, Hefei, Hangzhou and other places have made homemade paper fast food box pressing equipment available, it is understood that there are about 20 or so.
According to rough statistics, there are currently dozens of paper (plate) lunch box manufacturing enterprises in the country, with nearly 200 sets of various types of paper lunch box equipment, with an annual production capacity of nearly 1.5 billion. Annual demand for paper meal box cardboard nearly 30,000 tons. 2. Pulp molding lunch boxes Pulp molding lunch boxes are wood pulp, straw pulp as the main raw material, add functional chemical auxiliaries, molding in the pulping, papermaking process molding one-time molding. The shaped product does not need to be further processed, and has characteristics such as water resistance, oil resistance, and acid and alkali resistance, and has physical indexes such as stiffness and bursting strength that meet the requirements of use. For this reason, most foreign countries use 100% bleached softwood pulp or appropriate hardwood pulp as raw material, and can also use part of the scrap paper, in which the proportion of bleached long fiber raw materials should not be less than 20%. Some domestic units set out from the actual national conditions, using wood pulp plus pulp slurry, and to the direction of straw-based development. Due to the use of functions, the added functional chemical additives must reach a certain amount, which will cause certain obstacles for the recovery, so the functional additives should also be studied selectively. According to the United States 3M company, its products will not cause trouble in the recycling. The pulp molded snack box has the advantages of good biodegradability, thermal insulation and compressive performance equivalent to foam plastic lunch boxes. The disadvantage is that the equipment investment is large, the man-hours and manpower are consumed, but the raw materials used are cheap, and the production cost is between the paper lunch box and the high-foam plastic lunch box. There are two types of pulp molding methods: vacuum forming and injection molding. The vacuum forming method is the most popular method in China. Only a few companies are producing injection molding. There are two main types of pulp molding production machinery, one is batch type, with
First, the production and market of paper cups According to use, paper cups in China mainly have two types of beverage cups and ice cream cups. Both have the same manufacturing process and slightly different structures. The production of beverage cups began in the early 1980s. At that time, the top two American beverage companies Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola in China were put into production in China in 1981 and 1982 in Beijing and Shenzhen respectively. Paper wax cups on the surface of which the company sells packaging patterns began to appear in large numbers in urban hotels and on the streets. Ice cream cups were produced earlier due to the introduction of equipment in China in the 1960s. According to the performance of paper cups, it can be divided into waxed paper cups and plastic paper cups. Ice cream cups are one type of plastic paper cups, and others have paper bowls, etc., which have not yet been widely used in China. The common specifications of domestic beverage cups are generally 6.5 ounces, 9 ounces and 12 ounces, of which the largest amount is the use of 9 ounce cups, and the common specifications of ice cream cups are generally 4.5 ounces and 6.5 ounces. The production of beverage cups is generally used to bleach white pulp produced by kraft pulp. The transverse elongation should be higher than 3%, the ash content should not exceed 1%, the thickness of the paperboard should be uniform, and no harmful substances such as fluorescent whitening agents should be included. Commonly used uncoated white cardboard, suitable for waxed cold drink cups. Others are single-sided and double-sided coated cardboard, suitable for hot and cold drink cups. The commonly used basis weight of paper cupboards is generally 180-220 g/m2, and the weight of paperboard for making wax paper cups is lower. At present, the domestic use of paper cupboards mainly in Finland, the United States, South Korea, Taiwan and other regions. Domestic paper cupboards have been produced in Shanghai, Shandong, and other places, with little production. Some physical indicators have a certain gap compared with imported products, but the price is cheaper. According to rough statistics, the annual demand for paper cupboards in China is about 25,000 tons. Paper cup production enterprises are mainly concentrated in large and medium-sized cities, of which the majority are coastal areas. There are about 100 paper cup production enterprises in the country. Enterprises with more production scale include Shanghai Paper Cup Co., Ltd., Beijing Fubon Paper Products Co., Ltd., Guangdong Xinhui Weikang Paper Container Co., Ltd., and Sichuan Yibin Xinyi Paper Products Co., Ltd., etc. As the paper cup production industry is a new industry that has been rapidly developed in the mid to late 1980s, the technical equipment is better and the proportion of imported equipment is larger. According to the preliminary statistics, there are approximately 200 various types of paper cup production equipment (lines) in the country. The introduction of equipment 82 (line). The total production capacity of all equipment is about 3.5 billion. Imported equipment is the largest in the United States Paper Processing Machinery Company (PMC). The domestic equipment is the largest among the Chinese-foreign joint venture Shenyang Hanxing Paper Cup Machinery Co., Ltd. At present, there are about a dozen paper cup equipment manufacturers in China. Most of them have started product development and production in the past two years. The production scale is not large.
At the same time, the beverage industry in China has developed rapidly in the past decade or so. In 1980, the output of the national beverage industry was only 288,000 tons. In 1994, it soared to 6.27 million tons. The average annual increase in the 14 years was more than 25%. Take for example the US and Coca-Cola and the Pepsi Co., both of which are using a large number of paper cups in sales, as an example of the current adjustment of carbonated beverage production. In 1992, there were 28,312, accounting for 4.7% of the total production in the same year. In 1994, it was 59,976 tons, accounting for 5.37% of the total output. In the past two years, the output has doubled and the proportion of its products has also increased by 14.3%. Based on this measure alone, it will take about 300 million drinks cups in 1994 and 400 million in 1995, and it will be mainly used for summer drinks. Other cafes in restaurants and restaurants, street food shops, etc. are filled with cups of coffee, milk and other beverages. It is estimated that there will also be 3-4 billion a year. Frozen beverages in China have also developed rapidly in recent years. It is understood that in 1988, the country's frozen beverage production was only 85,900 tons, and in 1994 it reached 1.06 million tons, an annual increase of more than 20%. Ice cream production is the fastest growing in frozen drinks, and its share has gradually increased. The current annual output of ice cream has reached about 500,000 tons. If 20% of the output is sold in paper cups, approximately 1.2 billion paper cups are required. Based on the above calculation results alone, the annual demand for paper cups in the country is now over 2 billion. The authoritative department predicts that China's beverage and ice cream production will maintain its rapid growth momentum in the future. By the year 2000, the total output of beverages will reach 10 million tons, and the annual output of ice cream will exceed 120 million tons. This will further promote the production of the paper cup industry. Therefore, on the whole, the sales market for paper cups continues to be positive and the situation is more optimistic. However, the current production layout of paper cups is not reasonable, and in some areas, production is in excess of demand. Therefore, this should be fully taken into account in the production of paper cups. Second, the production of paper cutlery (box) and market Since 1984, Xuzhou first introduced a one-time polystyrene tableware (box) production line, with the rapid development of the fast-food industry, the use of high-foam plastic tableware (box) in China The speed of doubled in two years has increased. Plastic lunch boxes have the advantages of being hygienic, simple, heat-insulating, leak-proof, and oil-proof, but it has attracted widespread attention on the "white pollution" caused by railways and some eating spots. In particular, the railway departments and the municipal departments of major cities spend a great deal of time, money and manpower each year to remove these plastic lunch boxes. However, this has had little success. Followed by the high foam plastic lunch box is not easy to degrade, whether landfill or incineration will cause environmental pollution, and improper recycling will lead to endless troubles. The serious pollution caused by the plastic lunch boxes along the railway is the main reason why the quality of the railway stations and vehicles cannot be improved for a long time. With the rapid development of China's reform and opening up and railway construction, the amount of passenger rail traffic has increased year by year. According to surveys conducted by the Department of Health and Epidemic Prevention, the average daily garbage production per passenger train on the railway is about 370 kilograms, and the total annual production of rubbish on the whole bus is about 146,000 tons, of which plastic fast food box type packaging materials account for 7%. In recent years, the passenger transport sector has concentrated, collected, and processed 35% of the total amount of these garbage, and the remaining 65% has been mainly discarded along both sides of the railway line, particularly in the summer, autumn and spring seasons. More than 400 million plastic lunch boxes were consumed, and 40% of them were abandoned along the railway line, with an average of 120 lines per 100 meters. The most serious pollution was the lunch box near the station. The problem of pollution caused by high-foam plastic lunch boxes in major cities is also very serious. For example, Guangzhou consumes nearly a million foam plastic lunch boxes each day, generating about 320 tons of white garbage; it consumes nearly 3-4 billion plastic lunch boxes a year, resulting in nearly 100,000 tons of white garbage. According to the survey, about 60% of white waste disposal processes are landfilled and take up a large amount of land each year; 10% are burned and a lot of harmful gases are generated; 30% are scattered in the streets or are thrown into the size River, floating in the water. "White pollution" has brought a huge burden on Guangzhou's fiscal spending. If one ton of "white pollution" is to be disposed of by landfill, it will cost RMB 1,000 yuan and it will cost at least 50 million yuan each year. "White pollution" also brings serious damage to agricultural and fishery production in the outskirts of Guangzhou. The waste of foamable plastic products that are not easily degradable causes soil degradation and water pollution. The key to managing "white pollution" is to find suitable alternatives. In this regard, the relevant departments have accelerated the replacement of lunch boxes, and the Ministry of Railways' scientific research department has conducted a feasibility study on the garbage disposal technology of passenger trains, conducted a software research on the recycling management of lunch boxes on the issue of "white pollution," and recycled and recycled lunch boxes. The pilot and the development of paper-based plastic and degradable lunch boxes. Since 1994, relevant departments have held many seminars to promote the updating and replacement of lunch boxes. So far, 13 kinds of lunch boxes (5 cartons, 8 degradable plastic boxes) have been subjected to laboratory tests and appraisals. In early June 1995, there were nine kinds of lunch boxes that had passed the health inspection and were tested on the train. This year, the Ministry of Education and Education of the Ministry of Railways and the Ministry of Railways' Transport Bureau jointly issued the “Circular on Implementing the Replacement of Railway Fast Food Boxesâ€. From July 1st onwards, meal replacement will be implemented on the entire road. The newly developed second generation meal boxes are mainly polypropylene double-degradable lunch boxes, pulp molded lunch boxes, cardboard coated biodegradable film lunch boxes, polystyrene double degraded foaming lunch boxes, and starch-added polystyrene double-degradation boxes. Foaming lunch boxes, these lunch boxes have reached the basic requirements for use. At present, the disposable paper tableware being promoted is mainly a paper (board) lunch box and a pulp molded lunch box. 1. Paper (board) lunch box The paper (board) lunch box has two types of folding type and integral pressing type, among which folding type is the main type. The substrate used for paper (board) utensils is wood pulp and straw pulp as raw materials, and the paperboard is copied to meet the physical requirements of the use requirements, and then processed to make it water-repellent, oil-repellent, and acid-alkali-resistant. Heat and special paper or board for easy molding and processing. Unused raw paperboards are commonly quantified at 240-400 g/m2 and currently rely mainly on imports. Domestic provinces and cities such as Henan, Jilin, Zhejiang, and Shanghai are all developing. Cardboard reprocessing methods can be divided into coating, spraying, compounding and other methods. In terms of compounding, a layer of polyethylene (PE) is laminated on paper or paperboard to overcome the inability of the paperboard to resist water and oil, and thus cannot be applied to packaging defects. For example, PE lunch box board developed by Shandong Dayi Paper Co., Ltd., the drawback of this kind of composite board is that it is impossible to solve the problem of waste pollution of the environment. Tests show that in the environment suitable for decomposition, after a period of time, the cardboard layer can be rotted and decomposed, but the polyethylene composite layer is still intact, become a polyethylene plastic film, or belongs to the environmental pollution Plastic residue. Therefore, for the waste PE film composite paper forming lunch boxes, paper and plastic separation and recycling methods should be used externally. In addition, Shanghai Sihuan Composite Materials Co., Ltd. is currently able to produce fast-food paperboard composited with degradable PE film. In the field of coating and spraying, some units in China have conducted fruitful explorations. The coated special paper or board can be crushed and rotted after a certain period of time (for example, three or five months). In 1995, Hangzhou City's environmental and environmental departments, health departments, and industry and commerce administrative departments jointly issued a circular. From September 15 onwards, it was forbidden to use high-foam plastic lunch boxes in the catering industry, and to use alternatives such as paper lunch boxes. Before and after this, Harbin, Shanghai, Wuhan and other cities also adopted similar measures, which prompted the large number of paper lunch boxes to be available in these regions. At present, there are 6 large-scale paper cutlery fixed-point manufacturing enterprises in Hangzhou, and there are many small township and township enterprises competing in the surrounding area. In other parts of the country, there are also a large number of paper cutlery production companies. At present, the paper-box production equipment used in China is mainly based in Taiwan. To meet the needs of the domestic market, in the past two years in Beijing, Hefei, Hangzhou and other places have made homemade paper fast food box pressing equipment available, it is understood that there are about 20 or so.
According to rough statistics, there are currently dozens of paper (plate) lunch box manufacturing enterprises in the country, with nearly 200 sets of various types of paper lunch box equipment, with an annual production capacity of nearly 1.5 billion. Annual demand for paper meal box cardboard nearly 30,000 tons. 2. Pulp molding lunch boxes Pulp molding lunch boxes are wood pulp, straw pulp as the main raw material, add functional chemical auxiliaries, molding in the pulping, papermaking process molding one-time molding. The shaped product does not need to be further processed, and has characteristics such as water resistance, oil resistance, and acid and alkali resistance, and has physical indexes such as stiffness and bursting strength that meet the requirements of use. For this reason, most foreign countries use 100% bleached softwood pulp or appropriate hardwood pulp as raw material, and can also use part of the scrap paper, in which the proportion of bleached long fiber raw materials should not be less than 20%. Some domestic units set out from the actual national conditions, using wood pulp plus pulp slurry, and to the direction of straw-based development. Due to the use of functions, the added functional chemical additives must reach a certain amount, which will cause certain obstacles for the recovery, so the functional additives should also be studied selectively. According to the United States 3M company, its products will not cause trouble in the recycling. The pulp molded snack box has the advantages of good biodegradability, thermal insulation and compressive performance equivalent to foam plastic lunch boxes. The disadvantage is that the equipment investment is large, the man-hours and manpower are consumed, but the raw materials used are cheap, and the production cost is between the paper lunch box and the high-foam plastic lunch box. There are two types of pulp molding methods: vacuum forming and injection molding. The vacuum forming method is the most popular method in China. Only a few companies are producing injection molding. There are two main types of pulp molding production machinery, one is batch type, with
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