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Mercury is a non-essential toxic heavy metal element of the human body, with strong volatility, mobility, bioaccumulation and neurotoxicity. Since the last century, a series of mercury poisoning incidents have erupted globally, such as the 1956 Minamata disease outbreak in Minamata Bay, Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan, which was caused by local residents eating seafood that exceeded methylmercury standards. According to incomplete statistics, this incident caused thousands of deaths and severely affected the health of tens of thousands of people. The severe impact caused them to be listed as one of the top ten environmental pollution hazards in the 20th century.
Guizhou Province is located in the center of a large-scale low-temperature metallogenic domain in southwestern China. It is a high-value area of ​​mercury element, and a large number of mercury deposits and other low-temperature hydrothermal deposits accompanied by mercury elements are developed. The province's metal mercury reserves account for nearly 80% of the country's total reserves, and there are large or super large mercury mines such as Wanshan, Wuchuan, Danzhai, and Tongren. Years of mining and smelting activities have caused serious mercury pollution in the mining area and surrounding soil, leading to serious mercury content in crops.
The research team led by Feng Xinbin, a researcher at the State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, conducted a study on mercury-contaminated soil remediation in the Wanshan mercury mining area in Guizhou. The researchers comprehensively analyzed and summarized technologies and cases of mercury-contaminated soil remediation at home and abroad, and combined with the economic development level of Guizhou Province, proposed the use of plant remediation technology to rehabilitate mercury-contaminated soil. Through greenhouse and field experiments, it was found that the use of thiosulfide assisted phytoremediation can effectively improve the efficiency of phytoremediation, and significantly reduce the content of oxidized mercury and organically bound mercury in mercury-contaminated soil. And after the mercury in the soil is absorbed into the plant body, it mainly exists in a form similar to black mercury sulfide.
These results have been published in Journal of Hazardous Materials (2012, Volumes 221–222, pp 1–18) and Environmental Science & Technology (2012, Volume 46, pp 5361–5368), respectively, with the title of Remediation of Mercury Contaminated Sites -A Review and Implication of Mercury Speciation in Thiosulfate Treated Plants.
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