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Packaging materials occupy a very important position in the materials industry. The value of the packaging industry in developed countries already accounts for more than 2% of gross domestic product (GDP). At present, China has to eliminate a large amount of commodity packaging every year. In recent years, with the improvement of people's living standards, especially the degree of people's protection of the environment has been paid more and more attention, so there is a higher demand for packaging, the voice of green packaging is getting higher and higher, so it is promoted The rapid development of materials science in the direction of packaging materials, as the basic industry of the packaging industry, has also driven the development of the packaging industry.
According to the traditional material classification methods, packaging materials can be divided into: paper materials, synthetic polymer materials, metal materials, glass and ceramic materials, composite materials, fiber materials, wood, and other materials. However, with the development of materials science, especially the emergence of new materials, the materials of the packaging industry have emerged as functional materials. According to the concept of functional packaging materials, functional packaging materials include: edible packaging materials, decomposable packaging materials, Preservative packaging materials, selection of absorbent packaging materials, barrier packaging materials, heat-resistant packaging materials, sterile and antibacterial packaging materials, conductive packaging materials and nano-packaging materials.
Edible packaging material
With the continuous development and utilization of high-tech in the field of food packaging, various edible packaging materials have been successively released. These edible packaging materials generally absorb natural edible substances such as protein, starch, polysaccharide plant fibers and other natural substances that the human body can absorb and digest. The substance is the basic material, and through the interaction between different molecules, a packaging film having a porous network structure and not affecting the flavor of the food is produced. The edible film is rich in raw materials, can be used, is harmless to the human body, has certain strength, and the like. As a functional material of the packaging industry, it has been rapidly developed in recent years, and is widely used in food and medicine packaging.
As a packaging film, the edible packaging film has the following characteristics: water repellency, which can delay the migration of water and oil in foods and other components; selective breathability and penetration resistance, preventing the volatilization of flavor substances in foods ; has good physical and mechanical properties, has good surface mechanical strength, easy to process and form; can be used as a carrier for food color, fragrance, taste, nutrient strengthening and antioxidants; edible, no pollution to the environment ... and other excellent features.
At present, edible packaging materials are mainly based on raw materials, such as protein, starch, chitin and other natural raw materials.
The edible packaging material is made from protein, which is divided into animal protein and vegetable protein. Animal proteins are derived from animal skin, bone, cartilage tissue and the like. These materials have good strength properties, water resistance and oxygen permeability, and are suitable for the packaging of meat foods. For example, an edible packaging film prepared from an animal protein gum material has high strength, water resistance, and water vapor barrier properties, and the thaw cooking is automatically melted and can be used for packaging oily foods without changing foods. The flavor.
An edible packaging film made of vegetable protein has good moisture resistance and certain anti-oxidation properties. Suitable for packaging containing fatty foods, it can maintain moisture and ensure the original taste of the food. At present, it is mainly edible protein packaging film of soybean protein, protein, fatty acid, starch edible packaging film, water resistant protein film, corn gluten edible film, protein coated wrapping paper and the like. In addition, there are alternative edible packaging films such as milk protein, casein and the like.
Soybean-derived proteins make plastic-like materials as edible packaging materials to replace plastics that have been synthesized from petroleum in the past. This production technique is to soak the soybeans, the ink then separates the protein, the protein is easily dried, the water is removed, and then the protein powder and other ingredients and additives are mixed to form an edible packaging film or coating for Packaged foods with excellent strength, elasticity and moisture resistance.
Corn protein packaging film is mainly used for the packaging coating of fast food box food, which is a synthetic material of paper and corn protein, and boiling in the pot does not change its properties. A newly developed protein edible film with antibacterial function is to add lysozyme or vitamins to the corn gluten or soy protein single film to control the growth of pathogenic bacteria in food and food deterioration caused by microorganisms.
Among the edible packaging materials using corn, wheat, potatoes, tired, and potato crops as substrates, edible packaging films processed by corn starch modification are most typical. According to the additive added therein, the method of acid-base treatment, enzyme treatment or oxidation treatment is different, the edible food packaging material of starch food can be divided into edible packaging paper and corn starch which are made of bean dregs, sodium alginate or polysaccharide conforms to packaging film. Wait. Using starch as raw material, adding other edible materials into packaging paper for packaging fast-food noodles, seasonings, etc., can be directly put into the pot for cooking, without removing the packaging bag, and achieving the dual effects of environmental protection and economy. .
Packaging materials occupy a very important position in the materials industry. The value of the packaging industry in developed countries already accounts for more than 2% of gross domestic product (GDP). At present, China has to eliminate a large amount of commodity packaging every year. In recent years, with the improvement of people's living standards, especially the degree of people's protection of the environment has been paid more and more attention, so there is a higher demand for packaging, the voice of green packaging is getting higher and higher, so it is promoted The rapid development of materials science in the direction of packaging materials, as the basic industry of the packaging industry, has also driven the development of the packaging industry.
According to the traditional material classification methods, packaging materials can be divided into: paper materials, synthetic polymer materials, metal materials, glass and ceramic materials, composite materials, fiber materials, wood, and other materials. However, with the development of materials science, especially the emergence of new materials, the materials of the packaging industry have emerged as functional materials. According to the concept of functional packaging materials, functional packaging materials include: edible packaging materials, decomposable packaging materials, Preservative packaging materials, selection of absorbent packaging materials, barrier packaging materials, heat-resistant packaging materials, sterile and antibacterial packaging materials, conductive packaging materials and nano-packaging materials.
Edible packaging material
With the continuous development and utilization of high-tech in the field of food packaging, various edible packaging materials have been successively released. These edible packaging materials generally absorb natural edible substances such as protein, starch, polysaccharide plant fibers and other natural substances that the human body can absorb and digest. The substance is the basic material, and through the interaction between different molecules, a packaging film having a porous network structure and not affecting the flavor of the food is produced. The edible film is rich in raw materials, can be used, is harmless to the human body, has certain strength, and the like. As a functional material of the packaging industry, it has been rapidly developed in recent years, and is widely used in food and medicine packaging.
As a packaging film, the edible packaging film has the following characteristics: water repellency, which can delay the migration of water and oil in foods and other components; selective breathability and penetration resistance, preventing the volatilization of flavor substances in foods ; has good physical and mechanical properties, has good surface mechanical strength, easy to process and form; can be used as a carrier for food color, fragrance, taste, nutrient strengthening and antioxidants; edible, no pollution to the environment ... and other excellent features.
At present, edible packaging materials are mainly based on raw materials, such as protein, starch, chitin and other natural raw materials.
The edible packaging material is made from protein, which is divided into animal protein and vegetable protein. Animal proteins are derived from animal skin, bone, cartilage tissue and the like. These materials have good strength properties, water resistance and oxygen permeability, and are suitable for the packaging of meat foods. For example, an edible packaging film prepared from an animal protein gum material has high strength, water resistance, and water vapor barrier properties, and the thaw cooking is automatically melted and can be used for packaging oily foods without changing foods. The flavor.
An edible packaging film made of vegetable protein has good moisture resistance and certain anti-oxidation properties. Suitable for packaging containing fatty foods, it can maintain moisture and ensure the original taste of the food. At present, it is mainly edible protein packaging film of soybean protein, protein, fatty acid, starch edible packaging film, water resistant protein film, corn gluten edible film, protein coated wrapping paper and the like. In addition, there are alternative edible packaging films such as milk protein, casein and the like.
Soybean-derived proteins make plastic-like materials as edible packaging materials to replace plastics that have been synthesized from petroleum in the past. This production technique is to soak the soybeans, the ink then separates the protein, the protein is easily dried, the water is removed, and then the protein powder and other ingredients and additives are mixed to form an edible packaging film or coating for Packaged foods with excellent strength, elasticity and moisture resistance.
Corn protein packaging film is mainly used for the packaging coating of fast food box food, which is a synthetic material of paper and corn protein, and boiling in the pot does not change its properties. A newly developed protein edible film with antibacterial function is to add lysozyme or vitamins to the corn gluten or soy protein single film to control the growth of pathogenic bacteria in food and food deterioration caused by microorganisms.
Among the edible packaging materials using corn, wheat, potatoes, tired, and potato crops as substrates, edible packaging films processed by corn starch modification are most typical. According to the additive added therein, the method of acid-base treatment, enzyme treatment or oxidation treatment is different, the edible food packaging material of starch food can be divided into edible packaging paper and corn starch which are made of bean dregs, sodium alginate or polysaccharide conforms to packaging film. Wait. Using starch as raw material, adding other edible materials into packaging paper for packaging fast-food noodles, seasonings, etc., can be directly put into the pot for cooking, without removing the packaging bag, and achieving the dual effects of environmental protection and economy. .
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