In short, STL files store information about 3D models. This format only describes the surface geometry of a 3D object, not a color, texture, or other common model property.
These files are usually generated by computer-aided design (CAD) programs as the final product of the 3D modeling process. ".STL" is the file extension of the STL file format.
The STL file format is the most commonly used file format for 3D printing . It allows the computer to communicate with the SLA3D printer hardware when used in conjunction with a 3D slicer.
The STL file format was initially small and has been adopted and supported by many other CAD software packages and is now widely used in rapid prototyping, 3D printing and computer-aided manufacturing. It is used by both amateurs and professionals.
The basic idea is to subdivide the two-dimensional outer surface of the 3D model using small triangles (also known as "facets") and store information about the facets in a file.
Let's look at a few examples to understand how it works. For example, if you have a simple 3D cube, you can cover it with 12 triangles, as shown in the following image. As you can see, each face has two triangles. Since the cube has six faces, you can add up to 12 triangles.
If you have a 3D model of a sphere, it can be covered by many small triangles and also in the same image.
The STL file format approximates the surface of a CAD model with a triangle. The approximation is never perfect, and the facets introduce roughness into the model.
The 3D printer will print the object in the same way as the roughness specified by the STL file. Of course, by making the triangle smaller and smaller, the approximation can be made better and better, resulting in high quality printing. However, as you reduce the size of the triangle, the number of triangles required to cover the surface also increases. This causes huge STL files that 3D printers cannot handle. Sharing or uploading large files like this is also a pain.
Therefore, it is important to find the right balance between file size and print quality. It doesn't make sense to reduce the size of the triangle without limit, because at some point your eyes can't distinguish the print quality.
Most CAD software provides some settings when exporting STL files. These settings control the size of the facet to control print quality and file size. Let's dive into the most important settings and find out their best values.
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