Ming style furniture carving technique

Since ancient times, people have used carvings as an art form to express the idealized desire of mankind to yearn for a better life. Carving art plays an important role in China's five thousand years of culture and art, whether it is from the decoration of architecture, furniture, or the decoration of the study. You can see the different styles and unique charms of Chinese sculpture art. Among the colorful furniture carving forms, there are various methods such as relief, round carving, enamel carving and openwork carving. Among them, openwork carving, also known as hollow carving and flower carving, is one of the most exquisite techniques in the carving process, and one of my personal favorite carving techniques.

The carving technique was born in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It is generally used on coins to engrave animals. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, China's craft carvings experienced thousands of years of cultural accumulation. Both the subject matter and the means of expression reached a peak. The carving techniques and techniques are still breathtaking and convincing. Gorgeous carving decoration has become a popular fashion. The buildings with carved beams and carved furniture are all at the height of the summit. Especially in the Qing Dynasty, the mahogany carving was developed to the heyday. The craftsmen carved natural landscapes, animals, figures, houses and so on on the mahogany utensils. This furniture craft continues to this day and becomes the essence of carving. At that time, the bureaucrats and literati also participated in the design and construction of garden houses, creating the fascination of walking and winding paths, and keen on the pursuit of “one wave and three folds” and “singularity, song, transparency, thinness and leakage”. In the architectural decoration and home furnishings, the court decoration and the folk style, as well as the poetry and paintings pursued by the literati, are combined to form a rich, varied and unique decorative style. Lu Zhai (Ming and Qing Dynasties) in Dongyang, Zhejiang, and the carved buildings (the Republic of China) in Dongshan, Suzhou, as well as the popular folks, thousand working beds, etc., are the best craftsmanship to create a spectacular scene with the ultimate carving.

The openwork process combines the techniques of round carving and embossing. Through the ingenious organization of the pattern, the ornamentation penetrates the hollow and highlights the outline, forming an exquisite and artistic effect. People often use the words "awesome work" and "hands-on" to praise. Many jade carvings, tooth carvings, stone carvings, wood carvings, and bamboo carvings are commonly used in the most exquisite parts of the "openwork" technique. The beams, the fins and the arches of the ancient buildings are often decorated with carvings. Many indoor partitions, flower covers, and window grilles are made of transparent carvings, forming an exquisite, rich and rich artistic effect. . The openwork process is also widely used in the decorative part of furniture, and is beautifully decorated in traditional screens, beds, cabinets, tables and chairs. In the ancient Chinese woodwork industry, there was a special "carving smith" position, which shows that the carving decoration is long and common. During the Hongshan culture period, the hook-and-cloud pattern in the jade carving pattern has already shown the beautiful arc of the moiré through the hollow sculpture. In the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the pierced round holes in the jade and jade models, the dragon and phoenix lines on the jade and the jade in the Warring States Period, the lines of the moiré flying, and the exquisite craftsmanship, the openwork technique can be seen to a very high standard.

The openwork process shows the mellowness and skill of the concept, both in the subject matter and in the kung fu. The sculptures that embody the subject matter are also vivid and lifelike. Moreover, many of the engravings and decorations have the meaning of "the picture must be intentional" and "meaning will be auspicious", or the three-year-old pine, bamboo, plum, or Xiangyun bat or Ganoderma lucidum. There are also some attention to the structure of the ornamentation, which has a variety of pattern patterns such as geometric shape and free shape. Skilled craftsmen can skillfully use the contour lines of the image, such as moiré, water, and crease, by twisting and twisting, and connecting the pictures together to form a three-dimensional picture with continuous, rich layers, varied and full of craftsmanship. The esthetician Zong Baihua believes that there are two different aesthetic or aesthetic ideals in the history of Chinese aesthetics: the wrong color and the first hibiscus. The openwork process has specific requirements for production techniques, materials, and even environmental layout and overall effects, presenting a complex and exquisite look. This high-end embodiment of design and craftsmanship allows people to appreciate and display while satisfying practical functions, and also gives people a vision of a better life for people to enjoy and collect. Many excellent carving techniques have left the world with a burst of exclamation. It can be said that it is along the line of Chinese traditional aesthetic development, in a soft and twisted way to reflect the pursuit of the integration of mind and matter, the expression of nature. The cumbersome carvings are easy to stay in mediocre piles and trivial processing, satisfying too many craftsmanships, and lacking the necessary generalization and refinement, leading to the lack of artistic charm, inevitably falling into the cliché, giving people skillful craftsmanship. Appreciation, but away from the pursuit of spiritual essence, it is easy to lead the astray. We can also see that the diversity of carving techniques and themes after the Qing Dynasty is greatly enriched, and at the same time, it can be found behind the surface of the finely crafted, revealing the weakness and lack of artisticity.

The crafts we use today, behind those brilliant sculptures, actually have the hard work and effort of countless craftsmen. It is not difficult for us to discover the art accumulation and cultural inheritance of our country for thousands of years. It was a process of change, transfer, disappearance, rise and alternate. The change of each period cannot be separated from the unique aesthetic concept of China, and it is often deformed. God does not change. I have the privilege of operating the engraving techniques I have learned in the past 40 years. I have copied the 10,000-car sedan and used the engraving as a pattern to make the picture appear dense but delicate and flexible. But it is especially rich, satisfying the practical but rigid feeling, and has won unanimous praise from both inside and outside. There are also some copies of the canopy beds that have long been popular among the people. They are also engraved with engravings and rich in variety. The openwork baffle, fence and partition can not only separate the space, but also input light. It fully embodies the aesthetic law combining the virtual and the real, and improves and retains it without losing the tradition. The products produced are highly recognized by the market. Consumer's favorite. Through my own research and study, I found that the openwork can be described as a bright pearl in the sculpture. The artistic effect brought by it is self-evident. While inheriting and carrying forward this traditional skill, we must also think about it. Inheriting tradition is not the same as copying the past. Only by grasping the essence of tradition and the unique style language of China, it is the most important to create works that conform to modern aesthetics. Because carving itself is the product of the constant efforts of Chinese and foreign craftsmen for life and a spirit of quality life, it is the artistic crystallization of the wisdom and wisdom of the working people.

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