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In color printing, how to reasonably arrange the color overprinting sequence is an important subject studied by process technicians. An important role of printing is to copy manuscripts artistically, which requires the printing workers to have a certain degree of artistic appreciation and master the ability to express color changes. Improper color sequence arrangement may cause the color deviation, color mixing and reverse overprinting of the printed matter; scientific color sequence arrangement will make the color of the printed matter more close to the original, and even strengthen a certain color atmosphere to make the level clear, the dots clear, and the overprint accurate. The colors are real, natural and harmonious.
There are three reasons why the color sequence needs to be arranged: the effect of ink overprinting and the shortcomings of the ink color itself, the quality of the paper, and the human's ability to recognize colors. The most fundamental reason is the incomplete transparency of the printing ink itself, that is, the hiding power of the ink itself. The post-printing ink has a certain covering effect on the first-printed ink layer, so that the color displayed by the printed matter always focuses on the latter color, or on the mixed color of the back color and the front color.
The starting point for choosing the color sequence is to flexibly arrange the color sequence according to the specific conditions of the original and the current process conditions, taking care of the main aspects (such as tone reproduction, color reproduction, graphic clarity, printing uniformity and printing repetition rate, etc.) .
The principle of arranging the color sequence in the following points is for reference of the peers.
1. Arrange the color sequence according to the content and characteristics of the original. Printing is a means to express the graphic design of the layout, and the emotional components reflected in each color are also different. Therefore, the arrangement of the color sequence must first consider the content and characteristics of the original. When designing graphic layouts, editors have often chosen the tone of layout colors. This tone represents the overall feeling of the entire hue and becomes the dominant color during printing. In terms of chromaticity, those based on red, orange, and yellow are called warm colors; those based on green and blue are called cool colors. Due to the hiding power of ink, black and cyan are printed first mainly in warm tone, and magenta and yellow are printed later in cold tone; Everyone hopes that the ripened watermelon crumbs are red, and they don't want to see the prints appear purple or green. Different color sequences have different color shift effects. Therefore, the colors that need to be enhanced in the color atmosphere of the picture can be printed in the last color.
2. Arrange the color sequence according to the transparency of the ink. Ink with good transparency, after the two colors are overprinted, the color of the lower ink layer can pass through the upper ink layer to achieve better subtractive color mixing and display the correct new color. If the yellow ink used is transparent yellow, the transparency order of the four inks is: yellow> magenta> cyan> black. Generally speaking, ink with poor transparency is printed first, and ink with good transparency is printed after.
3. Arrange the color sequence in favor of overprinting. Due to the objective defects such as paper deformation and expansion, we can arrange the main colors of the printing products with relatively high register requirements to be printed in two adjacent color groups. For example, the two-color machine can be printed in the same unit at one time to avoid paper stretching and other problems caused by the existence of paper. The large area of ​​the field can be arranged for post-printing to avoid problems such as smudging during paper handover. In addition, the single-color machine superimposes the second color after the first color is “dryâ€, while the multi-color machine is a “wet-press-wet†process, so the ink viscosity and the amount of ink should be controlled. That is, arrange the ink with high viscosity to print first, and the ink with low viscosity to print afterwards. This is very important, otherwise it will cause the disadvantage of reverse overprinting.
4. Consider the nature of the paper to arrange the color sequence. Poor quality paper, considering its low whiteness and smoothness, loose fibers, poor ink absorption, and easy to powder and fluff, can be printed with yellow ink to make up for the above defects of the paper. When printing at night, due to the recognition of the human eye, weak color inks with low lightness should not be arranged in the first color printing. The order of lightness of the ink is: white <yellow <orange <green <green <red <blue <purple.
5. Consider process factors such as plate making. When printing, the screen angles of adjacent two color groups differ by at least 30 °, which is beneficial to prevent color deviation and moire.
6. Consider the color sequence according to cost. Cheap black and cyan inks are printed first, and high-priced magenta and yellow inks are printed first.
Generally, a large-scale landscape-dominated picture (cold tone is the keynote), with black, magenta, cyan, and yellow as the color sequence. Arrange black printing first, and black is used to outline the outline, which is convenient for other colors to be overprinted. The transparent yellow final print can be used to adjust the brightness of the entire screen to form shiny, vivid colors. The picture (warm tone) generally dominated by characters adopts black, cyan, magenta, and yellow sequences. Ink with poor transparency is printed first and will not cover other colors. The magenta and yellow backprints make the character's face rosy, rich in color, and realistic in effect.
Color printing is a combination of technology and art. When we arrange the printing color sequence, we should properly consider it from an artistic perspective, which can make the printed matter more artistically appealing and meet the needs of readers.
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