The surface decoration, scale, and text of glass bottles are mostly screen printed. The ink used for screen printing on the surface of glass bottles is called glass color glaze. Glass glaze decoration process is generally: glass glaze preparation → screen printing plate production → screen printing → baked (fired) → finished product inspection → packaging.
Glass glaze has three components, namely base glaze, colorant and printing oil. The mixing of these three components is a purely physical process and there must be no chemical reaction between the various components. The fine powder of the base glaze and the colorant can be used as a printing ink in a general sense by blending it with a liquid printing oil into a suitable paste.
Base glazes of glass glazes are low-melting glass of the lead-boron-silicon system; various types of metal oxides are used for the colorants; printing oils can be paste-processed in addition to the glaze powders during screen printing. It can also use its viscosity to temporarily adhere the color glaze to the surface of the glass bottle. During the baking (burning) process, the printing oil must be completely volatilized and burned, so that the color glaze is fused on the surface of the glass bottle. The printing oil should also have a certain drying speed, a certain viscosity, and the film formed by printing should have a certain thickness and strength, and should have good wettability when mixed with the color glaze powder.
Glass-colored glazes, like ceramic glazes, must be roasted (fired) after being printed on the product to be firmly attached to the surface of the product. The baking is the process of melting the colored glaze on the surface of the product, and the glass bottle should not be deformed during the baking process. Therefore, the melting temperature of the color glaze should be close to or lower than the softening temperature of the glass bottle, so that during the baking process, when the colored glaze reaches the molten state, the surface of the glass bottle also begins to soften, and a part of the molten color glaze can be diffused. Penetrate to the surface of the product to form a very thin intermediate layer, and the color glaze is firmly fused with the product. The temperature of baking is generally controlled at 580-600°C.
Since the products and the glaze are subjected to thermal expansion and contraction at the same time during the baking process, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the base glaze should be as close to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the product as possible to prevent additional stress on the glaze of the product.
Glass glazes should also have bright colors, good gloss, strong hiding power, and good chemical stability. In order to improve its physical and chemical properties, a small amount of titanium oxide, cadmium oxide, zirconium oxide, etc. may be added to the base glaze.
Glass color glaze in addition to the ordinary color glaze, there are transparent glaze, translucent glaze and acid, acid and alkali glaze.
High temperature resistance of glass screen printing ink
The vigorous development of screen printing has led to the rapid development of various new types of screen printing inks, such as scented inks, fluorescent inks, foaming inks, and quick-setting inks. These inks are generally dried at room temperature. Glass printing and ceramic printing are dried at high temperatures. Therefore, high temperature resistant inks are often used for glass and ceramic printing inks. According to different substrates and different printing processes, high temperature resistant inks require different heat resistance temperatures.
Inorganic glass screen printing with two kinds of ink, one kind is the inorganic pigment after grinding, to reach a certain degree of fineness, then add acrylate, screen printing on the glass surface, need to be heated at high temperature (above 600 °C) 1 ~ 2min, ink layer and The glass surface melts together and has excellent fastness. The heat-resistant temperature of this ink is above 600°C. However, because this screen printing process is costly and the process is more complicated, it is rarely used in the screen printing industry. The other type is inorganic glass ink with polymer compound as binder. Both amino type and epoxy type are required to be baked. The ink widely used in the domestic market is baked at 1300~1400°C for 30 minutes after screen printing. Heat-resistant temperature is relatively low, but baking time is longer, the ink has good fastness and hardness, brightness is also very good, can withstand low concentrations of electrolytes and solvents such as ethanol, acetone, benzene, cyclohexanone, etc. .
The printing temperature of the ceramics can be divided into two types according to the firing method: one is to burn at a temperature of 700-800° C. at the beginning, and the other is to be glazed and then fired at a temperature of 1100-1300° C. The heat-resisting temperature of the ink used in this firing method is required to reach 1100-1300°C; the other is that firing is performed at a high temperature of 1100 to 1250°C, and then firing is performed at a temperature of 900-1000°C. The heat-resisting temperature required for this type of ink is lower than that of the former, reaching 900-1000°C. The existing high-temperature resistant inks used in ceramics and glass have high temperature resistance at temperatures above 600°C and even above 1000°C. In some glass containers, the heat resistance temperature of ink is sometimes lower than that of ceramics, such as 180-200°C. This kind of ink is also called low-temperature glass ink. It uses organic paint and organic pigment or imitation golden material instead of inorganic pigment. Made of pure gold, used to decorate glass and baked at 200°C for 10 minutes.
In the existing high-temperature inks, the heat-resistant temperature of 1800~2000°C is less, and if it is required to be baked at this temperature for a long time, less ink can meet this requirement. At present, there are almost no inks capable of baking at around 200°C without discoloration, mainly relying on imports. However, the number of foreign manufacturers is also relatively small, and the heat resistance of the ink produced is not very stable, such as the printing wheel labels, which need to be printed. When baking at a temperature of 200°C for 3 hours, discoloration often occurs, and the cost of the ink used in the application is relatively high. At present, some screen printing industry developed countries have ink developed, the finished product price is relatively high, so this ink has a high value of use, can replace the same imported ink, reducing the printing cost of product production. Â
Wall Mounted Storage Shelf
Living room storage rack - popularity of living room storage rack
It is a storage rack mainly used to store washing supplies, bath towels, etc. It has the characteristics of convenience, recycling and fashion. It is suitable to be placed in the toilet and bathroom. It is a common family deposit rack. Commercial storage racks are mostly used to place small objects, parts, etc.
The living room storage cabinet is a must for the living room storage. The living room occupies a large space in the whole home, and it is also a place where we move more. Therefore, the living room should not be too chaotic. Fair storage is essential, and the living room storage cabinet can help you easily solve the storage difficulties
The shape of the living room lockers is also famous. All kinds of designs not only have their super storage function, but also add more decorative colors to the living room space.
Living room storage rack - what are the characteristics of living room storage rack
The storage rack is light and convenient, easy to install and disassemble, and easy to use. It can be used in offices, warehouses and other places. It plays a good role in sorting out and summarizing items, and does not take up space. The design is reasonable, consistent with three-dimensional architecture.
Living room storage rack - what shape does the living room storage rack have
Spare parts storage rack: combined with the hanging parts box and multi-purpose hook accessories, it is not only suitable for cleaning up various types of materials, but also suitable for the storage and classification of small materials, tools, parts and various special-shaped articles, so as to fully and effectively apply space. The hook and square hole hanging plate can be used together to freely change the hole position, which is fast, safe and stable, satisfying the fixed position management of various tools and saving the search time; The box for hanging parts shall be used together with the louver hanging plate, which is easy to hang, and is equipped with color labels. Small materials and parts can be stored by color management;
Box mounted storage rack: goods can be placed in multiple layers, and cars can be arranged below, which can be folded when not in use, greatly saving warehouse space; Stacking rack: It can be divided into two types: foldable stacking and non foldable stacking, which are used to deposit non-standard goods such as tyres.
The above is a summary of Xiaobian, who has basic knowledge about the living room storage rack and the design and modeling of the living room storage rack. The storage rack in the living room not only saves us a lot of unnecessary space and furnishings in our family, but also allows us to put some things in it, so that the family will not be in a mess. And the living room storage rack itself is also very beautiful and generous.
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